Heart Health in Turkey: What does it mean for the world?

Heart health is a critical aspect of overall well-being, and many countries are striving to improve cardiovascular health among their populations. Turkey, a country straddling Eastern Europe and Western Asia, offers a fascinating case study in heart health initiatives. From dietary habits and traditional practices to public health policies, Turkey's approach to heart health provides valuable lessons for the rest of the world. This comprehensive blog explores the various facets of heart health in Turkey, highlighting the positive actions being taken, the beneficial dietary habits, and the effective policies implemented to enhance cardiovascular health.

 

Turkey's cuisine is heavily influenced by the Mediterranean diet, which is renowned for its heart-health benefits. The Mediterranean diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and olive oil, with moderate consumption of fish and poultry, and limited intake of red meat and sweets. Olive oil, a staple in Turkish cuisine, is a major source of monounsaturated fats, which are known to reduce bad cholesterol levels and lower the risk of heart disease. The abundant use of fresh fruits and vegetables in Turkish meals provides essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that protect against cardiovascular diseases. Legumes such as lentils, chickpeas, and beans, along with nuts like walnuts and almonds, are integral to Turkish dishes. These foods are excellent sources of fiber, protein, and healthy fats. Being a country with extensive coastlines, fish is a significant part of the Turkish diet. Rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fish helps reduce inflammation and lower the risk of heart disease.

Traditional Turkish dishes reflect these healthy eating habits. Meze, a variety of small dishes served as appetizers, includes heart-healthy options like hummus, baba ghanoush, and yogurt-based dips. Dolma and sarma, which are stuffed grape leaves or vegetables filled with rice, herbs, and sometimes meat, offer a balanced combination of carbohydrates, protein, and fiber. While kebabs can be high in fat depending on the meat used, they are often balanced with generous servings of vegetables and yogurt. Yogurt is consumed widely in Turkey, either as a side dish or a drink (ayran). It provides probiotics, calcium, and protein, contributing to overall heart health.

Turkey has implemented several national programs aimed at improving heart health through preventive measures and public awareness campaigns. The National Tobacco Control Program is a notable example, implementing comprehensive measures such as smoke-free laws, advertising bans, and high taxes on tobacco products. These efforts have led to a significant reduction in smoking rates, which is crucial for heart health. The Healthy Nutrition and Active Life Program promotes healthy eating habits and physical activity among the population. It includes initiatives such as educational campaigns, school programs, and community events to encourage a healthy lifestyle. Excessive salt intake is a major risk factor for hypertension and heart disease. Turkey's Ministry of Health has launched campaigns to reduce salt consumption, including public awareness initiatives and collaboration with the food industry to reduce salt in processed foods.

Turkey's healthcare system has made significant strides in improving accessibility and quality of care, which is essential for early detection and management of heart diseases. The country has achieved near-universal health coverage, ensuring that most of its population has access to essential health services without financial hardship. The primary care system has been strengthened, playing a crucial role in the prevention, early detection, and management of heart diseases. Family physicians provide regular check-ups, health education, and chronic disease management. Furthermore, Turkey has invested in the development of specialized cardiac care units in hospitals, ensuring that patients with heart conditions receive timely and effective treatment.

Turkish culture encourages physical activity through various means, contributing to better heart health. Traditional folk dances such as Halay, Zeybek, and Horon are not only cultural expressions but also forms of physical exercise that keep people active. Many Turkish cities and towns are designed with pedestrian-friendly areas, encouraging walking as a mode of transportation and recreation. Parks and natural reserves provide spaces for outdoor activities. Football (soccer) is extremely popular in Turkey, and many people engage in playing the sport, which promotes cardiovascular fitness.

Turkey's approach to heart health, characterized by a heart-healthy diet, comprehensive public health policies, cultural practices promoting physical activity, strong social support networks, and ongoing medical research and innovations, provides a robust model for other countries to follow. By adopting and adapting these strategies, nations around the world can make significant strides in improving cardiovascular health and reducing the burden of heart disease.